Ibikoresho Byigenga Gukora hamwe na 5-Imashini ya Axis

Ibikoresho Byigenga Gukora hamwe na 5-Imashini ya Axis

Umwanditsi:PFT, Shenzhen

Ibisobanuro:Iterambere ryambere risaba ibintu bigoye cyane, byuzuye ibyuma byindege, ikirere, ubuvuzi, ningufu. Isesengura ryerekana ubushobozi bwa mudasobwa igezweho ya 5-axis igenzura imibare (CNC) ikora yujuje ibi bisabwa. Hifashishijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya geometrike uhagarariye ibyuma bitwara ibyuma na turbine, ibigeragezo byakozwe byakozwe ugereranije 5-axis hamwe nuburyo gakondo 3-axis kuri titanium yo mu kirere (Ti-6Al-4V) nicyuma kitagira umwanda (316L). Ibisubizo byerekana kugabanuka kwa 40-60% mugihe cyo gutunganya hamwe nubuso bukabije (Ra) gutera imbere kugera kuri 35% hamwe na 5-axis itunganijwe, biterwa no kugabanya gushiraho no gukoresha ibikoresho neza. Uburinganire bwa geometrike kubiranga ± 0.025mm kwihanganira byiyongereyeho 28% ugereranije. Mugihe bisaba ubuhanga bukomeye bwo gutangiza gahunda nishoramari, imashini 5-axis ituma umusaruro wizewe wa geometrike mbere idashoboka kandi ikora neza kandi ikarangira. Ubu bushobozi buhagaze 5-axis tekinoroji nkibyingenzi kubiciro-bihanitse, bigoye ibyuma byabigenewe.

1. Intangiriro
Imiyoboro idahwema kunoza imikorere mu nganda nko mu kirere (bisaba urumuri rworoshye, ibice bikomeye), ubuvuzi (busaba ibinyabuzima bihuza ibinyabuzima, byatewe n’umurwayi wihariye), n’ingufu (bikenera ibice bitwara amazi bigoye) byasunikishije imipaka y’ibice bigoye. Gakondo 3-axis CNC itunganya, ikumirwa kubikoresho bigarukira hamwe nibisabwa byinshi, gushiraho hamwe nibintu bigoye, imyenge yimbitse, nibintu bisaba impande zombi. Izi mbogamizi zituma habaho kwangirika kwukuri, igihe cyongerewe umusaruro, ikiguzi kinini, hamwe nubushakashatsi. Kugeza 2025, ubushobozi bwo gukora ibice byibyuma bigoye cyane, neza neza ntibikiri ibintu byiza ahubwo birakenewe kurushanwa. Imashini igezweho 5-axis CNC ikora, itanga icyarimwe kugenzura amashoka atatu yumurongo (X, Y, Z) hamwe namashoka abiri azunguruka (A, B cyangwa C), atanga igisubizo gihindura. Ubu buhanga butuma igikoresho cyo gukata cyegera igihangano kiva mubyerekezo icyo aricyo cyose muburyo bumwe, bikarenga muburyo bwo kugarukira kugarukira muburyo bwa 3-axis. Iyi ngingo irasuzuma ubushobozi bwihariye, inyungu zingana, hamwe nibikorwa bifatika byo gushyira mubikorwa 5-axis yo gutunganya ibyuma byabigenewe.

2. Uburyo
2.1 Igishushanyo & Ibipimo
Ibice bibiri byapimwe byakozwe hifashishijwe porogaramu ya Siemens NX CAD, ikubiyemo ibibazo bisanzwe mubikorwa byo gukora ibicuruzwa:

Impeller:Kugaragaza ibintu bigoye, bigoramye bifite ibipimo bihanitse kandi bisobanutse neza.

Turbine Blade:Kwinjizamo ibice bigoramye, urukuta ruto, hamwe nubuso bwuzuye.
Ibishushanyo byashizwemo nkana ibicuruzwa, umufuka wimbitse, hamwe nibisabwa bisaba ibikoresho bitari orthogonal kwinjira, cyane cyane bigabanya imipaka yo gutunganya 3-axis.

2.2 Ibikoresho & Ibikoresho

Ibikoresho:Ikirere cyo mu kirere Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V, imiterere idahwitse) hamwe na 316L Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga byatoranijwe kubera akamaro gakenewe mu gusaba no kubiranga imashini zitandukanye.

Imashini:

5-Axis:DMG MORI DMU 65 monoBLOCK (Igenzura rya Heidenhain TNC 640).

3-Axis:HAAS VF-4SS (kugenzura HAAS NGC).

Igikoresho:Urusyo rukomeye rwa karbide rukora (diametre zitandukanye, umupira-izuru, hamwe na end-end) kuva Kennametal na Sandvik Coromant byakoreshwaga mu gukomeretsa no kurangiza. Gukata ibipimo (umuvuduko, ibiryo, ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata) byashyizwe mubikorwa ubushobozi bwibikoresho na mashini ukoresheje ibyifuzo byabakora ibikoresho no kugenzura ibizamini.

Gukora:Customer, yakozwe neza muburyo bwa modular yamashanyarazi yatumije gukomera hamwe nibisubirwamo kubwoko bwimashini zombi. Kubigeragezo 3-axis, ibice bisaba kuzunguruka byongeye gushyirwaho intoki hakoreshejwe doweli zisobanutse, bigereranya imyitozo yububiko busanzwe. Ikigeragezo 5-axis yakoresheje imashini yuzuye yo kuzunguruka muburyo bumwe.

2.3 Kubona amakuru & Isesengura

Igihe Cycle:Gupimwa biturutse ku gihe cyimashini.

Ubuso Bwuzuye (Ra):Gupimwa ukoresheje Mitutoyo Surftest SJ-410 profilometero ahantu hatanu kuri buri gice. Ibice bitatu byakorewe ibikoresho / imashini ikomatanya.

Uburinganire bwa Geometrike:Gusikana ukoresheje imashini yo gupima Zeiss CONTURA G2 (CMM). Ibipimo by'ingenzi hamwe no kwihanganira geometrike (uburinganire, perpendicularity, umwirondoro) byagereranijwe na moderi ya CAD.

Isesengura mibare:Impuzandengo yimpuzandengo no gutandukana bisanzwe byabazwe mugihe cyinzira na Ra ibipimo. Amakuru ya CMM yasesenguwe kugirango atandukane nubunini bwizina nigipimo cyo kwihanganira.

Imbonerahamwe 1: Incamake yo Gushiraho

3. Ibisubizo & Isesengura
3.1 Inyungu
Imashini 5-axis yerekanaga igihe kinini cyo kuzigama. Kubatwara titanium, gutunganya 5-axis byagabanije igihe cyinzira 58% ugereranije no gukora 3-axis (amasaha 2.1 n'amasaha 5.0). Icyuma cya turbine kitagira ingese cyerekanaga igabanuka rya 42% (amasaha 1.8 ni amasaha 3.1). Izi nyungu ahanini zaturutse mugukuraho ibyashizweho byinshi hamwe no gukoresha intoki / kongera guhuza igihe, no gutuma inzira zikoreshwa neza hamwe nigihe kirekire, gikomeza kugabanuka bitewe nicyerekezo cyibikoresho cyerekanwe.

3.2 Kuzamura ubuziranenge bwubuso
Ubuso bwubuso (Ra) bwagiye butera imbere hamwe na 5-axis gutunganya. Kuruhande rwibikoresho bigoye bya titanium, impuzandengo ya Ra yagabanutseho 32% (0.8 µm na 1.18 µm). Iterambere nkiryo ryagaragaye ku cyuma cya turbine kitagira umwanda (Ra yagabanutseho 35%, ugereranije 0,65 µm na 1.0 µm). Iri terambere ryitirirwa ubushobozi bwo gukomeza guhora, gukata neza guhuza impande no kugabanya ibikoresho byinyeganyeza binyuze mubikoresho byiza bikomye mugukoresha ibikoresho bigufi.

3.3 Kongera ubumenyi bwa geometrike
Isesengura rya CMM ryemeje neza ko geometrike ihanitse hamwe na 5-gutunganya. Ijanisha ryibintu byingenzi byafashwe murwego rwo kwihanganira ± 0.025mm ryiyongereye cyane: ku kigero cya 30% kubatwara titanium (kugera ku kubahiriza 92% na 62%) naho 26% kubicyuma kitagira umwanda (kugera kuri 89% byubahirizwa na 63%). Iri terambere rituruka muburyo bwo gukuraho amakosa yibintu yatangijwe nuburyo bwinshi hamwe no guhinduranya intoki bisabwa muburyo bwa 3-axis. Ibiranga ingero zingirakamaro byerekanaga inyungu zishimishije cyane.

* Igishushanyo 1: Kugereranya Ibipimo Byerekana (5-Axis na 3-Axis) *

4. Ikiganiro
Ibisubizo byerekana neza ibyiza bya tekiniki ya 5-axis gutunganya ibice byicyuma byabigenewe. Kugabanuka gukomeye mugihe cyinzira bisobanurwa muburyo bwo kugabanya ibiciro kuri buri gice no kongera umusaruro. Kurangiza neza kurangiza bigabanya cyangwa bikuraho ibikorwa byanyuma byo kurangiza nko gukaraba intoki, gukomeza kugabanya ibiciro no kuyobora ibihe mugihe byongera igice gihoraho. Gusimbuka muburyo bwa geometrike nibyingenzi mubikorwa byogukora cyane nka moteri yindege cyangwa imiti yubuvuzi, aho imikorere yibice numutekano aribyo byingenzi.

Izi nyungu zituruka cyane cyane kubushobozi bwibanze bwo gutunganya 5-axis: icyarimwe icyarimwe-axis igenda ifasha gutunganya kimwe. Ibi bivanaho amakosa yatewe no gushiraho igihe. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, icyerekezo cyiza cyibikoresho byerekanwe (kugumana imitwaro myiza ya chip no gukata imbaraga) byongera ubuso burangiza kandi bikemerera ingamba zogukora ubukana aho ibikoresho bikomerera uruhushya, bigira uruhare mubyunguka byihuse.

Ariko, kwakirwa mubikorwa bisaba kwemera aho bigarukira. Ishoramari shoramari kumashini ishoboye 5-axis hamwe nibikoresho bikwiye birarenze cyane kubikoresho 3-axis. Porogaramu igoye yiyongera cyane; kubyara umusaruro mwiza, kugongana-5-axis inzira yinzira isaba abahanga ba CAM bafite ubuhanga buhanitse hamwe na software ihanitse. Kwigana no kugenzura bihinduka intambwe ziteganijwe mbere yo gutunganya. Ibikoresho bigomba gutanga gukomera no guhanagura bihagije kugirango urugendo ruzenguruke. Izi ngingo zizamura ubuhanga bukenewe kubakoresha na programmes.

Inshingano ifatika irasobanutse: 5-axis ikora neza cyane kubintu bifite agaciro kanini, ibice bigoye aho ibyiza byayo mumuvuduko, ubwiza, nubushobozi byerekana imikorere ihanitse hamwe nishoramari. Kubice byoroshye, gutunganya 3-axis bikomeza kuba ubukungu. Intsinzi ishingiye ku gushora imari haba mu ikoranabuhanga n'abakozi bafite ubuhanga, hamwe na CAM ikomeye n'ibikoresho byo kwigana. Ubufatanye bwambere hagati yubushakashatsi, gukora inganda, hamwe niduka ryimashini ningirakamaro kugirango ukoreshe neza ubushobozi bwa 5-axis mugihe utegura ibice byo gukora (DFM).

5. Umwanzuro
Imashini igezweho ya 5-axis CNC itanga igisubizo cyiza cyane cyo gukora inganda zikomeye, zisobanutse neza ibyuma byicyuma ugereranije nuburyo gakondo 3-axis. Ibyingenzi byingenzi byemeza:

Ubushobozi bukomeye:Kugabanya igihe cyikigereranyo cya 40-60% ukoresheje imashini imwe-imwe hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwibikoresho.

Kuzamura ubuziranenge:Ubuso bwubuso (Ra) butezimbere bugera kuri 35% bitewe nicyerekezo cyiza cyibikoresho no guhuza.

Ukuri kurenze:Impuzandengo ya 28% yiyongera mugukomeza kwihanganira geometrike muri ± 0.025mm, ikuraho amakosa mumikorere myinshi.
Ikoranabuhanga rituma habaho umusaruro wa geometrike igoye (cavites zimbitse, munsi yimbere, umurongo uteganijwe) zidashoboka cyangwa zidashoboka hamwe nogukora 3-axis, bikemura neza ibyifuzo bigenda byiyongera mubyiciro byindege, ubuvuzi, ningufu.

Kugirango ugarure inyungu nyinshi mubushoramari mubushobozi bwa 5-axis, abayikora bagomba kwibanda kubintu bigoye cyane, bifite agaciro kanini aho kugororoka nigihe cyo kuyobora ari ibintu bikomeye byo guhatana. Akazi kazoza gakwiye gushakisha uburyo bwo guhuza 5-axis gutunganya hamwe na metrology yo gutunganyiriza igihe nyacyo kugenzura no gufunga-gufunga imashini, kurushaho kunoza neza no kugabanya ibisigazwa. Gukomeza ubushakashatsi mubikorwa byo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere bifashisha 5-axis ihindagurika ku bikoresho bigoye-imashini nka Inconel cyangwa ibyuma bikomeye nabyo bitanga icyerekezo cy'agaciro.