Gukuramo vs Hybrid CNC-AM yo gusana ibikoresho

PFT, Shenzhen

Ubu bushakashatsi bugereranya imikorere yimikorere gakondo ya CNC ikomatanya hamwe na Hybrid CNC-Yongeyeho Inganda (AM) yo gusana ibikoresho byinganda. Ibipimo byerekana (igihe cyo gusana, gukoresha ibikoresho, imbaraga za mashini) byagereranijwe hifashishijwe ubushakashatsi bwagenzuwe kuri kashe yangiritse. Ibisubizo byerekana uburyo bwa Hybrid bugabanya imyanda yibintu 28-42% kandi bigabanya gusana 15-30% hamwe nuburyo bwo gukuramo gusa. Isesengura rya Microstructural ryemeza imbaraga zigereranywa (≥98% yigikoresho cyumwimerere) mubice bivangwa na Hybrid. Intambamyi yibanze ikubiyemo geometrike igoye kubitsa AM. Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byerekana Hybrid CNC-AM nk'ingamba zifatika zo kubungabunga ibikoresho birambye.

1 Intangiriro

Kwangirika kw'ibikoresho bitwara inganda zikora $ 240B buri mwaka (NIST, 2024). Gusana gakondo CNC gusana ikuraho ibice byangiritse binyuze mu gusya / gusya, akenshi guta> 60% byibikoresho byakijijwe. Hybrid CNC-AM ihuza (gushira ingufu kubikoresho bisanzwe) isezeranya umutungo neza ariko ikabura kwemeza inganda. Ubu bushakashatsi bugereranya ibyiza byimikorere yibikorwa bya Hybrid hamwe nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukuramo ibikoresho byo gusana agaciro gakomeye.

2 Uburyo

2.1 Igishushanyo mbonera

Ibyapa bitanu byangiritse H13 byapfuye (ibipimo: 300 × 150 × 80mm) byakorewe protocole ebyiri:

• Itsinda A (Gukuramo):
  - Gukuraho ibyangiritse binyuze mu gusya 5-axis (DMG MORI DMU 80)
  - Gusudira kuzuza (GTAW)
  - Kurangiza gutunganya CAD yumwimerere

• Itsinda B (Hybrid):
  - Gukuraho inenge nkeya (<1mm ubujyakuzimu)
  - DED gusana ukoresheje Meltio M450 (insinga 316L)
  - Guhindura imiterere ya CNC (Siemens NX CAM)

2.2 Kubona amakuru

• Gukoresha ibikoresho: Ibipimo rusange mbere / nyuma yo gusana (Mettler XS205)

• Gukurikirana Igihe: Gukurikirana inzira hamwe na sensor ya IoT (ToolConnect)

• Ikizamini cya mashini:
  - Ikarita yo gushushanya (Buehler IndentaMet 1100)
  - Ingero zingana (ASTM E8 / E8M) ziva muri zone zasanwe

3 Ibisubizo & Isesengura

3.1 Gukoresha ibikoresho

Imbonerahamwe 1: Kugereranya Ibikorwa byo Kugereranya

3.2 Ubunyangamugayo

Ingero zasanwe na Hybrid zerekanwe:

• Gukomera guhoraho (52-54 HRC na 53 HRC y'umwimerere)

• Imbaraga zihebuje: 1.890 MPa (± 25 MPa) - 98.4% yibikoresho fatizo

• Nta gutandukanya intera mugupima umunaniro (10⁶ cycle kuri 80% bitanga umusaruro)

Igishushanyo 1: Microstructure yuburyo bwo gusana imvange (SEM 500 ×)
Icyitonderwa: Imiterere ihuriweho ingano kumupaka wa fusion yerekana gucunga neza ubushyuhe.

4 Ikiganiro

4.1

Kugabanya igihe 28.9% bituruka ku gukuraho ibintu byinshi. Gutunganya Hybrid byerekana ko ari byiza kuri:

• Ibikoresho byumurage hamwe nibikoresho byahagaritswe

• Geometrike igoye cyane (urugero, imiyoboro ikonje)

• Ibice bike byo gusana ibintu

4.2 Inzitizi za tekiniki

Imipaka yagaragaye:

• Inguni ntarengwa yo kubitsa: 45 ° uhereye kuri horizontal (irinda inenge zirenze urugero)

• DED igizwe n'ubunini butandukanye: ± 0.12mm isaba inzira yo guhuza n'imiterere

• Nyuma yuburyo bwa HIP kuvura byingenzi kubikoresho byo mu kirere

5 Umwanzuro

Hybrid CNC-AM igabanya ibikoresho byo gusana ibikoresho gukoresha 23-42% mugihe ikomeza kuringaniza imashini kuburyo bwo gukuramo. Gushyira mubikorwa birasabwa ibice bifite geometrike igereranije aho kuzigama ibikoresho byerekana ibiciro bya AM. Ubushakashatsi buzakurikiraho buzahindura ingamba zo kubitsa ibyuma bikomeye (> 60 HRC).