Ni ubuhe bwoko bune bwerekana ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi?

Ujya wibaza uburyo robot zo muruganda "zibona" ibicuruzwa bivuza induru, cyangwa uburyo umuryango wikora uzi ko wegereye? Amahirwe ni, ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi - bakunze kwita "amaso yifoto" - nintwari zitavuzwe zituma bibaho. Ibi bikoresho byubwenge bikoresha urumuri rwumucyo kugirango umenye ibintu bidafite aho bihurira, bikora urufatiro rwimikorere igezweho. Ariko wari uziko hari ubwoko bune bwibanze, buriwese ufite imbaraga zidasanzwe? Reka tubasenye kugirango ubashe gusobanukirwa tekinoroji ishiraho isi yacu yikora.

Igice cya kane: Uburyo bune Umucyo Utahura Isi Yawe

Mugihe uzabona itandukaniro ryihariye, abahanga mu nganda bahora berekana tekinoroji enye zifata amashanyarazi. Guhitamo icyiza biterwa cyane nibisabwa byihariye - intera, ubwoko bwibintu, ibidukikije, nibisabwa neza.

1. Binyuze muri Beam Sensors: Ba Nyampinga Burebure

• Uburyo bakora: Tekereza itara no kureba. Izi sensor zifiteibice bitandukanye: Emitter yohereza urumuri rwumucyo (akenshi infragre cyangwa LED itukura) hamwe na Receiver ihagaze muburyo butandukanye. Kumenya bibaho mugihe ikintu cyumubiriikiruhukourumuri.
• Imbaraga z'ingenzi: Barata intera ndende yo kumva (byoroshye kugera kuri metero 20 cyangwa zirenga) kandi batanga ubwizerwe buhamye kandi butajegajega. Kuberako uwakiriye abona mu buryo butaziguye urumuri rwa emitter, usanga ahanini ntaho bihuriye nibara ryikintu, imiterere, cyangwa ubuso burangije (burabagirana, matte, mucyo).
• Ibibi: Kwishyiriraho bisaba guhuza neza ibice bibiri bitandukanye hamwe ninsinga kuri byombi, bishobora kuba bigoye kandi bihenze. Barashobora kandi kwibasirwa nimba umwanda wubatswe kuri lens.
• Aho ubabona: Byuzuye kugirango umenye intera ndende kuri convoyeur, imashini nini zirinda, kugenzura insinga cyangwa imigozi yamenetse, no kubara ibintu byanyuze mu irembo. Urwo rugi rwumutekano wa garage rumubuza gufunga imodoka yawe? Binyuze mu rumuri.

2. Retroreflective (Yerekana) Sensors: Igice kimwe

• Uburyo bakora: Hano, Emitter na Receiver bibarizwa muriigice kimwe. Rukuruzi yohereza urumuri rugana urumuri rwihariye (nkurumuri rwo mu rwego rwohejuru rwerekana igare) rushyizweho rutandukanye. Imirasire yerekana urumuri rugaruka kuri Receiver. Kumenya bibaho mugihe ikintu gihagaritse iki kimenyetso kigaragara.
• Imbaraga z'ingenzi: Byoroshye kwishyiriraho no gukoresha insinga kuruta kunyuramo kuva ari igice kimwe gusa kuruhande rumwe (wongeyeho pasiporo yerekana). Tanga ibyiyumvo byiza, akenshi birebire kuruta gukwirakwiza ubwoko. Impapuro zimwe zihariye ninziza zo kumenya ibintu bibonerana (nk'ibirahuri cyangwa amacupa ya plastike) ukoresheje akayunguruzo k'umucyo kugirango wirengagize ibitekerezo byayobye.
• Ibibi: Ibimurika bigomba guhorana isuku kugirango bikore neza. Imikorere irashobora guhindurwa nibintu byerekana inyuma ibintu bishobora gusubira inyuma inyuma. Urwego rwo kwiyumvamo ni ruto ugereranije no kumurika.
• Aho ubabonye: Byakoreshejwe cyane mumirongo yo gupakira, gutunganya ibikoresho, kumenya ibinyabiziga cyangwa abantu aho bigera, no kugenzura ko hari kontineri zibonerana kumurongo.

3. Diffuse (Proximity) Sensors: Amashanyarazi Yoroheje

• Uburyo bakora: Emitter na Receiver bongeye muriigice kimwe. Aho gukoresha icyuma cyerekana, sensor yishingikiriza ku kintu cyerekanwe ubwacyo kugira ngo kigaragaze urumuri rugaruka kuri Receiver. Rukuruzi imenya ikintu ukurikije ubukana bwurumuri rwerekanwe.
• Imbaraga zingenzi: Kwiyubaka byoroshye - igikoresho kimwe gusa cyo gushiraho na wire. Ingano yuzuye ituma biba byiza kumwanya muto. Nta rumuri rukenewe kuruhande.
• Ibibi: Urwego rwo kumva ni rugufi kuruta byombi binyuze mumurongo wubwoko butandukanye. Imikorere iterwa cyane nibara ryikintu, ingano, imiterere, hamwe no kwerekana. Ikintu cyijimye, matte kigaragaza urumuri ruto cyane kuruta urumuri, rukayangana, bigatuma gushishoza bitiringirwa intera ntarengwa yagenwe. Ibintu byinyuma birashobora kandi gutera imbarutso yibinyoma.
• Aho ubibona: Birasanzwe cyane kubikorwa bigufi byo gutahura: kuboneka igice kumurongo winteko, gutahura icupa, kugenzura uburebure bwa stack, hamwe no kumenya urwego rwa bin. Tekereza imashini igurisha yumva ikiganza cyawe hafi yo gutanga.

4. Guhagarika Amavu n'amavuko (BGS) Sensors: Abahanga Bibanze

• Uburyo bakora: Ubwihindurize buhanitse bwa diffuse sensor, nabwo bubitswe mubice bimwe. Aho gupima gusa ubukana bwurumuri rwerekana, sensor ya BGS igena intera yikintu ukoresheje inyabutatu cyangwa igihe-cyo kuguruka. Bahinduwe neza kugirango bamenye ibintu gusa murwego rwihariye, rwashyizweho mbere yintera, birengagije neza ikintu cyose kirenze ibyo (inyuma).
• Imbaraga zingenzi: Ntabwo zatewe nibintu byinyuma - inyungu zabo nini. Byinshi cyane bitunvikana kubintu bigenewe ibara nibigaragaza ugereranije nibisanzwe bikwirakwiza. Tanga amakuru yizewe cyane yibintu biri kure.
• Ibibi: Mubisanzwe ufite intera ngufi ntarengwa kuruta sensor ya diffuse. Mubisanzwe bihenze kuruta ubwoko bwibanze bwo gukwirakwiza.
• Aho ubibona: Ibyingenzi mugushakisha ibintu birwanya ibintu bigoye cyangwa byerekana inyuma, ukumva neza ibintu byijimye cyangwa umukara (nkamapine), kugenzura urwego rwuzuye mubikoresho utitaye kumabara yibirimo, no kwemeza neza neza aho kwivanga kwinyuma ari ikibazo. Nibyingenzi mumirongo yo guteranya ibinyabiziga no gupakira ibiryo.

Kurenga Ibyibanze: Guhura Ibikenewe Byihariye

Mugihe ibyingenzi bine bikora imirimo myinshi, injeniyeri yateje imbere sensor yihariye kubibazo bidasanzwe:

• Fibre Optic Sensors: Koresha insinga zoroshye za fibre optique ihujwe na amplifier yo hagati. Nibyiza kumwanya muto cyane, ibidukikije byo hejuru cyane, cyangwa ahantu hafite urusaku rwinshi rwamashanyarazi.
• Ibara & Itandukaniro Sensors: Menya amabara yihariye cyangwa itandukaniro bitandukanye (nka labels kumupaki), ingenzi mugucunga ubuziranenge.
• Sensor ya Laser: Tanga urumuri rwibanze rwo kumenya ibintu bito cyane cyangwa kugera kubipimo bifatika.
• Sensora Ikintu Cyumvikana: Ubwoko bwa retroreflective bwateguwe kuburyo bwihariye bwo kumenya neza ibikoresho biboneye.

Impamvu Amafoto ya Sensors agenga Automation

Izi "amaso ya kagoma" zitanga inyungu zikomeye: intera ndende yunvikana, ibikorwa bidahuye (gukumira ibyangiritse), igihe cyo gusubiza byihuse, hamwe nigihe kirekire mubidukikije bikaze. Nibyingenzi kubikorwa bitabarika mu nganda:

• Gukora & Gupakira: Gutahura ibice kuri convoyeur, kubara ibicuruzwa, kugenzura urwego rwuzuye, kugenzura ibirango bihari, kugenzura amaboko ya robo.
• Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa: Kugenzura neza ibipfunyika, kumenya ibintu by'amahanga, kugenzura umurongo utanga umusaruro.
• Imiti ya farumasi: Kugenzura ibinini biri mumapaki, kugenzura urwego rwuzuye rwuzuye.
• Imodoka: Igice gihagaze neza kuri robo ziteranirizo, kugenzura ibice, umwenda wumutekano.
• Ibikoresho & Gukoresha Ibikoresho: Kugenzura imikandara ya convoyeur, kumenya pallets, gukoresha ububiko bwububiko.
• Kubaka Automation: Inzugi zikora, umwanya wa lift, sisitemu yumutekano.

Igihe kizaza ni cyiza (kandi gifite ubwenge)

Isoko ryerekana ibyuma bifata amashanyarazi riratera imbere, biteganijwe ko rizagera kuri miliyari 3.01 z'amadolari muri 2030, rikazamuka kuri 6,6% buri mwaka, cyangwa na miliyari 4.37 z'amadolari muri 2033 kuri 9% CAGR. Iri terambere riterwa na moteri idahwema kugana automatike, Inganda 4.0, ninganda zubwenge.

Umuhengeri ukurikira urimo sensor ziba nziza kandi zihujwe. Shakisha iterambere nka IO-Ihuza ryoroshye kugirango byoroshye gushiraho no guhanahana amakuru, guhuza hamwe na IoT platform yo kubungabunga ibiteganijwe, ndetse no gukoresha nanomateriali kugirango byongerwe imbaraga hamwe nubushobozi bushya. Twinjiye mugihe cya "Sensor Technology 4.0 ″, aho ibyo bikoresho byibanze byunvikana bihinduka amakuru yubwenge muri sisitemu ihuza.

Guhitamo "Ijisho" ryiza kuri Akazi

Gusobanukirwa ubu bwoko bune bwibanze - Binyuze-Beam, Retroreflective, Diffuse, and Background Suppression - nintambwe yambere yo gukoresha imbaraga zo kumva amashanyarazi. Reba ikintu, intera, ibidukikije, hamwe nibishobora kuvangwa. Mugihe ushidikanya, kugisha inama abakora sensor cyangwa inzobere mu kwikora birashobora kugufasha kwerekana tekinoroji nziza ya progaramu yawe yihariye, kwemeza ko automatike yawe ikora neza kandi neza. Shakisha amahitamo; sensor iburyo irashobora kumurikira inzira yumusaruro mwinshi.